1.Basic Information
English Course Name: Surgery
Applicable Object: Clinical Medicine Science(five-year)
Total class hours: 192; Credits: 12.0; Hours for theory: 96; Hours for practice: 96
2.The Nature and the Task of the Course
The course is designed to teach five-year students of clinical medicine. Through surgical theoretical study and practice, the students should: be able to master basic theories, elementary knowledge, as well as fundamental skills in surgery; be familiar with surgical clinical workflows and accomplish all of their medical work under the teachers' guidance; acquire the diagnostic points and treatment principles for common and frequently-occurring surgical diseases, and be able to provide rational treatment protocols; have command of the indications, procedures and other considerations for diagnostic and therapeutic operations and basic patterns commonly used in surgery, which are expected to lay solid foundations for the students to be engaged in clinical surgery work and other clinical medical work.
3.Basic Contents and Requirements for the Course
(1) Attitudes
The students are required to preview before class and attend the classes with questions to improve class efficiency. Besides, the students should attach more importance to the development of thinking and practical abilities. Knowledge can also be acquired in practical experience, for instance, more hand-on work and more communication with patients. With the essence of Problem Based Learning(PBL) carried through the process of study and practice, the students are encouraged to learn with questions and to be both thinkers and finders for the answers.
(2) Basic Theories, Elementary Knowledge and Fundamental Skills
Surgery, as the basic subject and one of the four main disciplines of clinical medicine, studies how to remove pathogens and cure patients through surgical operations. According to different etiologies, surgical diseases can be classified into five categories in general: (a) Injury: the destruction of human tissues caused by violence or other injury-causing factors, which needs surgery or other surgical treatment to repair the tissue and restore its functions. (b) Infection: the infestation of pathogenic microorganisms or parasites into the human body, causing damage, destruction and necrosis to tissues and organs, which, as localized focal infection, is suitable for surgery. (3) Tumor: most tumors need surgery. Excising benign tumors are effective; as for malignant tumors, surgery can be the radical cure, prolong the survive time or relieve symptoms. (4)Malformation: congenital malformation needs surgical treatment; posteriority also requires surgical repair to restore the function and improve appearance. (5) Other diseases: common disorders include organic obstruction, blood circulatory disorder, lithogenesis and endocrine dysfunction, which usually need surgical treatment to correct. With the development of drug update, techniques for early diagnosis and other medical technology(like interventional radiology ), many diseases tend to be treated by non-surgical options, while surgical operation remains to be an indispensable subsequent treatment when such non-surgical means turn out to be ineffective or result in complications. Surgery not only needs to have an good understanding of the definition, etiology, symptoms, diagnostic methods, stages, treatment and prognosis of a disease, but also emphasizes more on the indications, preoperative assessment and preparation, surgical techniques and methods, complications, dealing with prognosis and other problems concerning surgical operations.
